Klebsiella pneumoniae
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Bacteria - Gram Negative
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- Neisseria gonorrhoeae
- Neisseria meningitidis
- Haemophilus influenzae
- Bordetella pertussis
- Brucella
- Legionella pneumophila
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- Pseudomonas aeruginosa: Disease
- Salmonella Overview
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- Escherichia coli: Overview
- Enterohemorrhagic E. Coli (EHEC)
- Enterotoxigenic E. Coli (ETEC)
- Klebsiella pneumoniae
- Campylobacter jejuni
- Vibrio spp.
- Helicobacter pylori
- Borrelia burgdorferi (Lyme Disease)
- Leptospira interrogans
- Treponema pallidum: Overview
- Treponema pallidum: Diagnosis
- Congenital syphilis
- Chlamydia: Overview
- Chlamydia trachomatis
- Chlamydia pneumoniae vs. psittaci
- Rickettsia rickettsii
- Rickettsia typhi vs. prowazekii
- Anaplasma vs. Ehrlichia
- Coxiella burnetii (Q fever)
Klebsiella pneumoniae
- Note: contrast vs. Klebsiella granulomatis which causes donovanosis (sexually-transmitted disease)
- Characteristics
- Gram negative rod
- First test in algorithm, narrows scope of bacteria
- Lactose-fermenting
- Second test in algorithm
- Facultative anaerobe
- Urease positive
- Gram negative rod
- Component of normal intestinal flora (enteric bacteria)
- Presentation
- Pneumonia
- Usually lobar in distribution
- Commonly affects immunocompromised individuals
- Elderly, alcoholics and diabetics
- Common cause of aspiration pneumonia
- Associated with dark red “currant jelly” sputum
- Dark red color comes from mixture of blood, sputum, and mucus
- Forms mucoid colonies caused by abundant polysaccharide capsules
- UTIs
- Common in healthcare settings with indwelling catheters
- Can lead to formation of struvite stones
- Due to alkalinization of urine by urease, which reduces solubility of struvite
- Also implicated in abdominal infections (biliary tree infections, peritonitis)
- May cause bacteremia and sepsis
- Shock may occur due to LPS endotoxin from gram-negative cell membrane
- Pneumonia
- Treatment
- Evolving due to rapid evolution of multidrug resistance
- Treatment is mostly dependent on antibiotic susceptibility
- Third-generation cephalosporins (ceftriaxone) are most commonly used
- Carbapenems, aminoglycosides, and quinolones may also be used
- Evolving due to rapid evolution of multidrug resistance