Medicine & USMLE

Bulk Forming Laxatives (Psyllium, Methylcellulose)

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GI Drugs
  1. Ondansetron
  2. Metoclopramide
  3. Antacids
  4. Proton Pump Inhibitors (PPIs)
  5. H2 Blockers
  6. Bismuth Subsalicylate
  7. Sucralfate
  8. Misoprostol
  9. Docusate (Stool Softener)
  10. Bulk Forming Laxatives (Psyllium, Methylcellulose)
  11. Osmotic Laxatives (Lactulose, PEG)
  12. Stimulant Laxatives (Senna, Bisacodyl)
  13. Antidiarrheals (Loperamide, Diphenoxylate-Atropine)
  14. Orlistat
  15. Octreotide

Summary

Bulk forming laxatives, including psyllium and methylcellulose, work as indigestible fiber supplements to increase the absorption of water into the stool. This can soften the fecal mass to treat constipation and improve bowel movements. Remember that bulk-forming laxatives must be taken with a full glass of water for appropriate function.

Key Points

  • Bulk-Forming Fiber Laxatives
    • Key Drugs
      • Psyllium (Metamucil)
      • Methylcellulose (Citrucel)
    • Mechanism
      • Works as a non-absorbable dietary fiber; increases fecal bulk by absorbing water to soften fecal mass
    • Clinical Use
      • Constipation
        • Take with plenty of water
        • May take several days before desired effects are seen
      • May treat mild diarrhea in patients with diverticulosis and irritable bowel syndrome (IBS)
    • Side Effects and Adverse Reactions
      • Abdominal cramping