Levetiracetam

Summary

Levetiracetam is a medication that treats seizures by depressing the central nervous system. This may cause drowsiness, which is an expected side effect that resolves after taking the drug for 4 - 6 weeks. A more severe side effect is a rash that can evolve into the life-threatening Stevens-Johnson syndrome, so any sign of a rash should be reported to the physician. Finally, levetiracetam has been shown to increase suicidal ideation, so keep a close eye on the patient’s mood and anxiety levels.

Key Points

• Levetiracetam (Keppra)
  • Mechanism
    • Drug class: Anticonvulsant/Antiseizure
      • Depresses the CNS
  • Clinical Uses
    • Seizures
      • Tonic-clonic, partial, and myoclonic seizures
      • Preferred antiepileptic medication as it has minimal side effects and drug interactions compared to other antiseizure drugs
  • Side Effects and Adverse Reactions
    • Sedation, drowsiness, fatigue
      • A common side effect as a result of depressing the CNS that usually resolves within 4-6 weeks
      • Do not take with other CNS depressant medications or alcohol
    • Stevens-Johnson Syndrome
      • Report rash immediately
    • Increased suicidal ideation
      • Report any changes in mood or anxiety
    • Renal toxicity