Waxes

Summary

Waxes are a type of lipid that contain an ester surrounded on both sides by long, hydrocarbon chains. Esters are non-polar or hydrophobic molecules, making them dissolve well in oil, but poorly in water. These properties make them biologically useful for coatings that seal in or repel water.

Key Points

• Waxes
  • Structure:
    • 
    • Ester with two hydrocarbon chains on both sides
    • Waxes are synthesized when a long-chain alcohol nucleophilically attacks a long-chain fatty acid
  • Role:
    • Ear wax
    • Covers feathers of aquatic birds and leaf surfaces of some plants
  • Unique Properties:
    • Water-repellant
  • Nonpolar/hydrophobic