Medicine & USMLE

Amantadine

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Other Neuro Pharm
  1. Ramelteon
  2. Triptans
  3. Benzodiazepines - Function
  4. Zolpidem Zaleplon Eszopiclone
  5. Suvorexant
  6. Bromocriptine (Ergot Dopamine Agonists)
  7. Pramipexole, Ropinirole
  8. Amantadine
  9. Levodopa, Carbidopa
  10. Entacapone, Tolcapone
  11. Selegiline and Rasagiline
  12. Benztropine, Trihexyphenidyl
  13. Tetrabenazine
  14. Baclofen
  15. Memantine
  16. Riluzole
  17. Full Opioid Agonists
  18. Partial Opioid Agonists
  19. Dextromethorphan
  20. Tramadol
  21. Naloxone
  22. Naltrexone

Summary

Amantadine is a drug used to treat Parkinson's disease. It works by increasing the availability of dopamine in the brain. Amantadine can also be used to treat the flu by impairing the uncoating of the influenza virus. Side effects of amantadine use include anticholinergic symptoms, as well as non-specific findings like edema, livedo reticularis, and ataxia.

Key Points

  • Amantadine
    • Mechanism
      • Increases dopamine availability
        • Increases dopamine release from presynaptic neurons        
        • Decreases dopamine reuptake into presynaptic neurons
    • Clinical use
      • Treats Parkinson disease
      • Antiviral against influenza virus A
        • Impairs uncoating or disassembly of the influenza A virion after host cell endocytosis
        • Limited use due to widespread viral resistance
    • Adverse effects
      • Anticholinergic (dry mouth, nausea, hallucinations, AMS, blurry vision)
        • Avoid in elderly
      • Peripheral edema
      • Ataxia
      • Livedo reticularis
        • Mottled reticulated vascular pattern that appears as a lace-like purplish discoloration of the skin.