USMLE

St. Louis Encephalitis and West Nile Virus

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Viruses - RNA Viruses
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Key Points

  • St. Louis Encephalitis and West Nile Encephalitis Virus
    • Members of Flavivirus family
    • Transmission
      • Arthropod-borne: mosquitos
      • Birds are natural reservoirs
    • Presentation
      • Flu-like illness: fever, malaise, cough, sore throat
      • Meningoencephalitis
        • Presents with fever, headache, altered mental status, and nuchal rigidity
        • CSF with viral pattern
      • Hyponatremia may be seen
      • Flaccid paralysis may be seen
    • Diagnosis
      • PCR from CSF or blood
    • Treatment
      • Supportive