Medicine & USMLE

Mumps

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Viruses - RNA Viruses
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  24. Respiratory Syncytial Virus (RSV)
  25. Parainfluenza Virus (Croup)
  26. Measles
  27. Mumps
  28. Rhabdovirus
  29. Filovirus
  30. Arenavirus
  31. Bunyavirus
  32. Deltavirus

Summary

The Mumps virus is a paramyxovirus that can cause a wide variety of clinical symptoms. These include orchitis, parotitis, pancreatitis, and aseptic meningitis. To prevent cases of mumps and especially infertility caused by orchitis, most patients should receive the MMR vaccine, which is a live-attenuated vaccine.

Key Points

  • Mumps
    • Transmission
      • Respiratory droplets, direct contact, or fomites
      • Uncommon due to effectiveness of MMR vaccine
    • Symptoms
      • Non-specific prodrome (fever, malaise, headaches, myalgias)
        • Symptom of viremia
      • Parotitis
        • Develops within 48 hours of prodrome
      • Orchitis (inflammation of testes)
        • May cause sterility (seen after puberty)
      • Aseptic Meningitis (rare)
      • Pancreatitis
    • Treatment
      • Supportive; no antivirals indicated
    • Prophylaxis
      • MMR (Measles, Mumps, Rubella) vaccine - live attenuated
        • Administered at 12-15 months of age