Medicine & USMLE

Calicivirus

2,037 views
Viruses - RNA Viruses
  1. HIV: Microbiology and Characteristics
  2. HIV: Clinical Course
  3. Reovirus
  4. Picornavirus Overview
  5. Poliovirus
  6. Echovirus
  7. Rhinovirus
  8. Coxsackievirus
  9. Hepatitis A Virus (HAV)
  10. Hepevirus (Hepatitis E Virus)
  11. Calicivirus
  12. Flavivirus
  13. Hepatitis C Virus (HCV)
  14. Yellow Fever Virus
  15. Dengue Virus
  16. St. Louis Encephalitis and West Nile Virus
  17. Zika Virus
  18. Togavirus
  19. Rubella
  20. Retrovirus
  21. Coronavirus
  22. Orthomyxovirus
  23. Paramyxovirus
  24. Respiratory Syncytial Virus (RSV)
  25. Parainfluenza Virus (Croup)
  26. Measles
  27. Mumps
  28. Rhabdovirus
  29. Filovirus
  30. Arenavirus
  31. Bunyavirus
  32. Deltavirus

Key Points

  • Caliciviruses
    • Characteristics
      • RNA virus
        • replicates in the cytoplasm of cells
        • Single-stranded
      • + sense
      • Linear chromosome
      • No envelope
      • Icosahedral capsid
    • Medical importance
      • Norovirus
        • Formerly known as “Norwalk virus”
          • First isolated during school outbreak in Norwalk, OH
        • Transmission
          • Direct contact or fecal oral
          • More common in winter
          • May be related to undercooked shellfish
        • Presentation
          • Gastroenteritis
            • Most common cause of nonbacterial gastroenteritis
            • Damage to small intestine microvilli causes diarrhea
            • Reduced gastric motility causes vomiting
        • Diagnosis
          • Most diagnoses are clinical
          • Anti-Norovirus IgM
        • Treatment
          • Supportive care; usually self-resolving in 1-2 days