Medicine & USMLE

Adenovirus

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Viruses - DNA Viruses
  1. Herpesvirus Overview
  2. Herpes Simplex Virus 1 (HSV1)
  3. Herpes Simplex Virus 2 (HSV2)
  4. Varicella-Zoster Virus (HHV3)
  5. Epstein-Barr Virus (HHV4)
  6. Cytomegalovirus (HHV5)
  7. Human Herpesviruses 6 and 7 (HHV6 and HHV7)
  8. Human Herpesviruses 8 (HHV8)
  9. Poxvirus
  10. Hepadnavirus
  11. Adenovirus
  12. Papillomavirus (HPV)
  13. Polyomavirus
  14. Parvovirus

Key Points

  • Adenovirus
    • Characteristics
      • DNA virus
        • Replicates in nucleus
        • Double-stranded
      • No envelope
      • Linear chromosome
    • Transmission
      • Multiple routes
        • Droplets, fecal oral, contact, etc.
      • Seen in crowded/close quarters
        • E.g. daycare centers, public swimming pools, military barracks, summer camp
    • Presentation
      • Pharyngoconjunctival fever
        • Pharyngitis (sore throat)
          • Most common cause of tonsillitis in young children
          • May be accompanied by cervical lymphadenopathy
        • Conjunctivitis (pink eye)
          • Outbreaks in swimming pools/lakes
          • Cervical lymphadenopathy may be seen
        • Fever (non-specific)
      • Acute hemorrhagic cystitis
        • Presents with bloody urine (hematuria)
        • Painful urination (dysuria) may also be seen
        • Most common cause of outbreaks in children
      • Pneumonia
      • Gastroenteritis
        • May present with a diarrheal illness in children
      • May cause myocarditis in children
    • Diagnosis
      • Viral culture/PCR is used
    • Treatment
      • Supportive; self-limiting
        • Cidofovir may be used in patients with immunosuppression or severe disease