Medicine & USMLE

Aprepitant

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Gastrointestinal Pharm
  1. H2 Blockers (Cimetidine, Ranitidine, Famotidine)
  2. Proton Pump Inhibitors (PPIs)
  3. Misoprostol
  4. Orlistat
  5. Antacids
  6. Bismuth & Sucralfate
  7. Octreotide
  8. Diphenoxylate vs. Loperamide
  9. Ondansetron
  10. Metoclopramide
  11. Bulk-forming Laxatives
  12. Senna
  13. Docusate
  14. Aprepitant

Summary

Aprepitant is an antiemetic drug used to prevent nausea and vomiting induced by chemotherapy and anesthesia. Aprepitant functions by blocking substance P from binding to the NK1 receptor in vomiting centers of the brainstem.

Key Points

  • Aprepitant
    • Mechanism:
      • Blocks NK1 (neurokinin-1) receptors in brain
        • Substance P antagonist
    • Clinical Use:
      • Antiemetic for chemotherapy-induced nausea and vomiting
    • Adverse Effects:
      • Moderate inhibitor of CYP3A4
      • Headache
      • Constipation