Medicine & USMLE

Mycobacterium avium

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Bacteria - Gram Indeterminate
  1. Mycobacterium tuberculosis: Overview
  2. Mycobacterium tuberculosis: Disease (TB)
  3. Mycobacterium avium
  4. Mycobacterium scrofulaceum
  5. Mycobacterium leprae
  6. Gardnerella vaginalis (Bacterial Vaginosis)
  7. Mycoplasma pneumoniae
  • Mycobacterium avium
    • Acid fast rods
      • All mycobacterium are gram + acid fast rods
    • Usually seen in immunocompromised population
      • E.g. AIDS
    • Causes disseminated granulomatous disease in every organ system
    • Treatment/Prophylaxis
      • Macrolide (clarithromycin/azithromycin)
        • Given prophylactically in AIDS when CD4+ count <50 cells/mm^3
        • Rifamycin (rifabutin) and ethambutol are adjuvant therapies
      • Often resistant to mycobacterial drugs
        • E.g. INH, etc.