Medicine & USMLE

Methicillin-Resistant Staph aureus (MRSA)

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Bacteria - Gram Positive
  1. Staph aureus: Overview
  2. Staph aureus: Presentation
  3. Methicillin-Resistant Staph aureus (MRSA)
  4. Staph saprophyticus
  5. Strep pneumoniae: Overview
  6. Strep pneumoniae: Presentation
  7. Strep viridans
  8. Strep pyogenes: Overview
  9. Strep pyogenes: Presentation
  10. Strep agalactiae
  11. Strep bovis
  12. Enterococcus
  13. Bacillus anthracis
  14. Bacillus cereus
  15. Clostridium tetani
  16. Clostridium perfringens
  17. Clostridium botulinum
  18. Clostridium difficile
  19. Corynebacterium diphtheriae
  20. Listeria monocytogenes
  21. Nocardia
  22. Actinomyces

MRSA (methicillin-resistant S. aureus)

  • Resistance to beta-lactam antibiotics (e.g. methicillin)
  • Important cause of serious nosocomial and community-acquired infections
  • altered penicillin-binding protein target site
    • Alterations in structure of penicillin-binding proteins (PBP), enzymes involved in bacterial cell wall synthesis
    • mecA gene from staphylococcal chromosomal cassette involved in penicillin resistance
  • Treatment 
    • Vancomycin (drug of choice) 
    • Linezolid
      • Can be used for vancomycin-related S. aureus (VRSA)