USMLE

Cladribine

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Oncology Pharm
  1. Bleomycin
  2. Dactinomycin, Actinomycin D
  3. Doxorubicin, Daunorubicin
  4. Azathioprine, 6-MP
  5. Cladribine
  6. Cytarabine
  7. Busulfan
  8. Cyclophosphamide, Ifosfamide
  9. Nitrosoureas
  10. Paclitaxel
  11. Vincristine, Vinblastine
  12. Cisplatin, Carboplatin, Oxaliplatin
  13. Etoposide, Teniposide
  14. Irinotecan, Topotecan
  15. Bevacizumab
  16. Erlotinib
  17. Cetuximab, Panitumumab
  18. Imatinib, Dasatinib
  19. Rituximab
  20. Bortezomib, Carfilzomib
  21. Trastuzumab
  22. Dabrafenib, Vemurafenib
  23. Raloxifene and Tamoxifen
  24. Hydroxyurea
  25. Procarbazine

Summary

Cladribine is a purine analog that is used to treat hairy cell leukemia. Its incorporation into DNA in place of a purine causes premature breaks, and subsequent halting, of DNA synthesis. It can cause numerous adverse effects such as neurotoxicity, nephrotoxicity, and myelosuppression.

Key Points

  • Cladribine
    • Mechanism
      • Purine analog
        • Inhibits DNA polymerase
        • Causes DNA strand breaks
        • Adenosine analog that is resistant to adenosine deaminase (ADA)
    • Clinical Use
      • Hairy cell leukemia
    • Adverse Effects
      • Nephrotoxicity
      • Neurotoxicity
      • Myelosuppression