Topiramate
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Antiepileptics (New)
Summary
Topiramate is an antiepileptic drug that works by increasing GABA-A signaling and blocking sodium channels in the brain. Clinically, it’s a broad-spectrum antiepileptic drug used to treat both generalized and focal seizures. It’s also commonly used to prevent migraines. Side effects include sedation, mood disturbances, dizziness, weight loss, narrow-angle glaucoma, kidney stones, and paresthesia.
Key Points
- Topiramate
- Mechanism
- Blocks Na+ channels
- Blocking of sodium ion influx inhibitors depolarization of neuron, inhibiting firing of action potentials
- Activates GABA-A receptors
- Acts as an agonist and may also increase GABA concentrations in the brain
- Blocks Na+ channels
- Clinical Use
- Treats seizures (antiepileptic)
- Broad-spectrum
- Treats focal (partial) seizures
- Treats generalized (tonic-clonic) seizures
- Broad-spectrum
- Treats migraine headache (prophylaxis)
- Treats seizures (antiepileptic)
- Side Effects
- Sedation
- Dizziness
- Mood disturbance (e.g. depression)
- Weight loss
- Paresthesia
- Kidney stones
- Narrow angle (angle-closure) glaucoma
- Mechanism