Medicine & USMLE

CNS Stimulants

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Psych Drugs (New)
  1. Mirtazapine
  2. Vortioxetine
  3. Bupropion
  4. Trazodone
  5. Vilazodone
  6. Buspirone
  7. Buprenorphine
  8. Neuroleptic Malignant Syndrome (NMS)
  9. Typical Antipsychotics
  10. Naltrexone
  11. Nicotine Replacement Therapies
  12. SSRIs
  13. Varenicline
  14. Naloxone
  15. CNS Stimulants

Summary

CNS stimulants include drugs like dextroamphetamine, lisdexamfetamine, methamphetamine, and methylphenidate. These drugs work by increasing the levels of norepinephrine and dopamine in the synaptic cleft of neurons.

Clinically, CNS stimulants are commonly used as a first-line treatment for ADHD. They can also be used to treat narcolepsy and binge-eating disorder.

CNS stimulants can cause side effects, including agitation, teeth grinding, tics, nervousness and anxiety, tachycardia, hypertension, insomnia, loss of appetite, and weight loss.

Key Points

  • Central Nervous System (CNS) Stimulants
    • Drug Names
      • Methylphenidate
      • Dextroamphetamine
      • Methamphetamine
      • Lisdexamfetamine
    • Mechanism
      • Increase catecholamines in the synaptic cleft, especially norepinephrine and dopamine
    • Clinical Use
      • Treat ADHD
        • First-line treatment for ADHD
      • Treat narcolepsy
      • Treat binge-eating disorder
    • Side Effects
      • Nervousness/Anxiety
      • Agitation
      • Insomnia
      • Anorexia
      • Weight loss
        • Due to decreased appetite
      • Tachycardia
      • Hypertension
      • Tics
      • Bruxism