Medicine & USMLE

Naltrexone

8 views
Psych Drugs (New)
  1. Mirtazapine
  2. Vortioxetine
  3. Bupropion
  4. Trazodone
  5. Vilazodone
  6. Buspirone
  7. Buprenorphine
  8. Typical Antipsychotics
  9. Naltrexone
  10. Nicotine Replacement Therapies
  11. SSRIs

Summary

Naltrexone is a medication that works as an opioid antagonist. It is long-acting, with effects lasting 24 to 72 hours after a single dose. Clinically, naltrexone is used to reduce opioid cravings, which can help prevent relapse in those with opioid use disorder. It may also help with alcohol and smoking cessation. A notable side effect of naltrexone is weight loss. It is typically given orally as a tablet or capsule.

Key Points

  • Naltrexone
    • Mechanism
      • Opioid Antagonist
        • Blocks opioid receptors
        • Long acting
          • Depending on the dose, the duration is between 24-72 hours
    • Clinical Use
      • Prevents opioid cravings (Prevents relapse)
        • When taking naltrexone, opioids won’t provide the pleasurable “high” feeling that makes people want to take them
      • May help alcohol cessation
        • Reduces alcohol cravings
      • May help smoking cessation
        • Limited evidence, but may reduce cravings and reward from smoking
    • Side Effects
      • Causes weight loss
      • Naltrexone should not be given within 7 days after last opioid/alcohol use
        • Can precipitate severe withdrawal symptoms in opioid-dependent individuals
    • Administration
      • Given orally
        • The most common form of administration is oral tablets