Levetiracetam

Summary

Levetiracetam is a broad-spectrum antiepileptic drug that treats a wide range of seizures, including both generalized and focal seizures. It works by blocking SV2A, which reduces the release of excitatory neurotransmitters in the brain. Common side effects include fatigue and sedation, dizziness, and agitation. Levetiracetam can also cause neuropsychiatric effects like psychosis and has been linked to an increased risk of suicidal thoughts or behaviors.

Key Points

• Levetiracetam
  • Mechanism
    • Binds to synaptic vesicle protein 2A (SV2A)
      • May modulate synaptic transmission by altering vesicle fusion
  • Clinical Use
    • Treats seizures (antiepileptic)
      • Broad spectrum
        • Treats partial (focal) seizures
        • Treats generalized (tonic-clonic) seizures
      • Due to its favorable side effect profile, levetiracetam is a first-line treatment for many seizure disorders
  • Side Effects
    • Relatively few side effects; popular first line due to its relative safety among the antiepileptics
    • Sedation
    • Dizziness
    • Fatigue
    • Neuropsychiatric symptoms (e.g. psychosis)